NETWORKS
Types of Networks
Advantages of Network
Disadvantages of Networks
OSI model
Internetworking
Bits, frames, packets and segments
Broadcasts
Protocol
Wireless LANs
NETWORKING
Types of Topology
OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECT (OSI)
The Application Layer
The Presentation Layer
The Session Layer
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Data Link Layer
Physical Layer
Layer-Specific Communication
ETHERNET
Ethernet Card
Ethernet and the OSI Model
TCP/IP and the OSI Model
Ethernet Network Topology
Cabling and Cable Lengths
A Chronology of Ethernet
TCP/IP
TCP/IP Layers
NETWORK CABLING
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable
TOKEN RING
Token Ring maintenance
PACKET STRUCTURE
Version: 4 bits
Header Length: 4 bits
Type of Service: 8 bits
Total Length: 16 bits
Identification: 16 bits
Flags: 3 bits
Fragment Offset: 13 bits
Time to Live (TTL): 8 bits
Header Checksum: 16 bits
Source Address: 32 bits
The source address.
Destination Address: 32 bits
Options: variable
