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NETWORK CABLING
Unshielded
Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable
Twisted pair cable comes in two varieties: shielded and unshielded. Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) is the most popular and is generally the best option for LAN networks .
Fig.3.
Unshielded twisted pair The quality of UTP may vary from telephone-grade wire to extremely high-speed cable. The cable has four pairs of wires inside the jacket. Each pair is twisted with a different number of twists per inch to help eliminate interference from adjacent pairs and other electrical devices. The tighter the twisting, the higher the supported transmission rate and the greater the cost per foot. The EIA/TIA (Electronic Industry Association/Telecommunication Industry Association) has established standards of UTP and rated five categories of wire.
Categories of Unshielded Twisted Pair
Table
2. Category 5 cable will provide more "room to
grow" as transmission technologies increase. Both Category 3 and Category 5
UTP have a maximum segment length of 100 meters. top
Unshielded
Twisted Pair Connector
RJ-45 (Fig 4.) is the standard for unshielded twisted pair cabling connector. This is a plastic connector that looks like a large telephone-style connector. A slot allows the RJ-45 to be inserted only one way. RJ stands for Registered Jack, implying that the connector follows a standard borrowed from the telephone industry. This standard designates which wire goes with each pin inside the connector.
Fig.
4. RJ-45 connector Shielded
Twisted Pair (STP) Cable
A disadvantage of UTP is that it may be susceptible to
radio and electrical frequency interference. top
Coaxial
Cable
Coaxial cabling has a single copper conductor at its canter, a plastic layer provides insulation between the centre conductor and a braided metal shield (See fig. 5). The metal shield helps to block any outside interference from fluorescent lights, motors, and other computers.
Fig.
5. Coaxial cable There are two type Tips-thin
coaxial and thick coaxial. top
Coaxial
Cable Connectors
Bayone-Neill-Concelman (BNC) connector is required for coaxial cables. Connectors on the cable are the weakest points in any network. To help avoid problems with your network, always use the BNC connectors that crimp, rather than screw, onto the cable.
Fig.
6. BNC connector top
Fibre
Optic Cable
Consists of a centre glass core surrounded by several layers of protective materials, which enables it to transmit light signals at greater speeds over much longer distances eliminating the problem of electrical interference. Ideal for environments that contain a large amount of electrical interference.
Fig.7.
Fibre optic cable Connectors (ST connector) are used for fibre optic cable is an.
Ethernet Cable
Summary
Table
3. top
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Related Topics
Cabling
Standards
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